Osteoarthritis occurs when there is a loss of joint space between two bones. One of the most common joints in the hand to develop osteoarthritis is the joint at the base of the thumb. Due to the mobility of this joint, it is prone to wear and tear which results in loss of the cartilage, or cushion, between the joints. Arthritis at the base of the thumb is also known as CMC arthritis or basal joint arthritis.
What causes arthritis at the base of the thumb?
The cause of arthritis at the base of the thumb is thought to be the result of a combination of factors including: family history, repetitive pinching or twisting of the thumb and general overuse. Thumb arthritis can also occur when there is a history of trauma, fractures or dislocations of the thumb. Thumb arthritis is seen most often in females over the age of 50.
What are the symptoms of thumb arthritis?
The symptoms of thumb CMC arthritis are pain with pinching, gripping and general thumb use. Using a key, turning a door knob or opening a jar can be painful with this type of arthritis. Thumb pain may also occur at night or when resting. Individuals with arthritis at the base of the thumb may also notice swelling at the area of pain.
What is the treatment for arthritis at the base of the thumb?
Treatment for CMC arthritis can be non-operative or operative. The initial treatment is conservative and includes rest and modification of daily activities. If the symptoms are mild, the physician may prescribe an anti-inflammatory medicine, a referral to a hand therapist and/or suggest a cortisone injection to help decrease the pain. If the symptoms persist and begin to limit hand function, the physician may recommend surgery.
What can a hand therapist do for me?
Initially, a hand therapist can provide patient education including use of adaptive equipment, activity modification and special exercises to help reduce pain. A hand therapist can also fabricate a custom brace or orthosis that allows the thumb joint to rest and provides support while performing daily activities. Hand therapy following surgery improves range of motion, and teaches the patient how to regain the function of the hand.
To learn more or talk to an Occupational Therapist/Hand Therapist contact us at your convenience! In Omaha, call 402-991-2745. In Lincoln, call 402-325-6341. We would love to help!
By Samantha Jadlowski, OT, CHT